Reduced energy excise tax rates in many countries in response to the recent energy crisis led to lower implicit carbon prices in 2023, but the development of new emissions trading schemes should lead to a greater share of emissions being priced in the next five years, according to a new OECD report.
Pricing Greenhouse Gas Emissions 2024: Gearing Up to Bring Emissions Down tracks how emissions trading systems, carbon taxes, fuel and electricity excise taxes, and subsidies that lower pre-tax prices on emissions or energy products have evolved between 2021 and 2023 across 79 countries, covering approximately 82% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The tax rates are for 1 April 2023, while emissions trading schemes implemented throughout 2023 are also included. Fuel excise taxes, which implicitly price carbon, declined after the energy crisis, while there has been an increase in the development of emissions trading systems.
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